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Objectives: To assess the immunological [Lymphocyte populations (LP) and Autoantibodies (Ab)] and clinical profile of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who suffered from COVID-19 compared with non-COVID-19 RA patients. Method(s): A nested case-control study of RA patients treated under a strict follow-up model. RA patients and confirmed COVID-19 infection (last 24 months) and RA patients without the infection were included. Subgroups of cases: Long COVID (LC): symptoms after infection for >=4 weeks;Post COVID syndrome (PCS): symptoms for >=12 weeks;and patients with symptoms alpha4 weeks. Sociodemographic, clinical, and paraclinical variables of RA and COVID-19 infection (in cases) were captured. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anticardiolipin antibodies, lymphocyte populations (BD FACSDuetTM-BDFACSLyricTMmultiparameter flow cytometry) T cells, B cells, and NK were evaluated. Univariate and bivariate analyzes (STATA 17) were done. Result(s): 300 patients were included (148 cases/152 controls;87.3% women). Median age 59 years (IQR 11). 71.86% were in low disease activity. There were no significant differences in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics between cases and controls. Cases had a time since infection of 18.5 months (IQR 7). Of the total cases, 69%presented LC and 63%PCS.No significant differences were found between cases and controls in the lymphocyte population nor in the antibodies evaluated. There were no differences in the immune profile when comparing patients with LC and PCS with those with symptoms alpha4 weeks after COVID-19 infection. Conclusion(s): No differences were found in the behavior of the immunological profile (independent of symptoms of LC and PCS) in RA patients under strict follow up, evaluated long-term after infection with those who did not have COVID-19. This suggest that patients returned to their baseline homeostatic state, something that has not yet been reported up to now. These results should be replicated in populations with different RA characteristics.
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Background: SARS-CoV-2 affects all age groups, but higher mortality rates are recorded in older people, men and with comorbidities, mainly hypertension, diabetes and obesity. Aim: To describe the main clinical characteristics, evolution and prognostic factors for death in older patients hospitalized for COVID-19. Materials and methods: Retrospective analysis of 128 Patients aged 73 years, 66% men, hospitalized at a clinical hospital, with a diagnosis of COVID-19, admitted from May 1 to August 1, 2020. Data were collected from the clinical records, a description of the study population was made, and a univariate analysis and logistic regression were performed. Results: Seventy-two percent of patients had two or more comorbidities, mainly arterial hypertension in 66%, diabetes mellitus in 34% and cardiovascular disease in 19%. Forty-one percent were admitted to intensive care and 31% were connected to mechanical ventilation. In-hospital mortality was 26.6%. A multivariate analysis was performed in two blocks, finding in the first that arterial hypertension and older age significantly predict mortality. However, when previous institutionalization and immunosuppression were included as variables in the second block, age ceased to be a significant predictor. Conclusions: Prognostic factors associated with death in this age group are arterial hypertension and previous institutionalization.
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Background: SARS-CoV-2 affects all age groups, but higher mortality rates are recorded in older people, men and with comorbidities, mainly hypertension, diabetes and obesity. Aim: To describe the main clinical characteristics, evolution and prognostic factors for death in older patients hospitalized for COVID-19. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of 128 patients aged 73 years, 66% men, hospitalized at a clinical hospital, with a diagnosis of COVID-19, admitted from May 1 to August 1, 2020. Data were collected from the clinical records, a description of the study population was made, and a univariate analysis and logistic regression were performed. Results: Seventy-two percent of patients had two or more comorbidities, mainly arterial hypertension in 66%, diabetes mellitus in 34% and cardiovascular disease in 19%. Forty-one percent were admitted to intensive care and 31% were connected to mechanical ventilation. In-hospital mortality was 26.6%. A multivariate analysis was performed in two blocks, finding in the first that arterial hypertension and older age significantly predict mortality. However, when previous institutionalization and immunosuppression were included as variables in the second block, age ceased to be a significant predictor. Conclusions: Prognostic factors associated with death in this age group are arterial hypertension and previous institutionalization.
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Objective. Analyze interpersonal relationships and violence in the family system undergoing COVID-19 confinement in Latin America from 2020 to 2021. Methodology. The PRISMA method was used, 34 units of analysis were obtained, made up of original articles extracted from open access scientific databases in Spanish and Portuguese. In the search process, the definitive filtering, screening and screening was used, expressed in a flow diagram, graph and tables. Results. An increase in violent interpersonal relationships was observed in the confinement period, with a prevalence of intimate partner violence and child abuse. Conclusion. The systematic analysis carried out allowed to show the general panorama of how domestic violence affected interpersonal relationships and the need to carry out an immediate intervention plan to avoid the deterioration of interpersonal relationships in the family system and reduce the impact it has on health integral.
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The normal management of plant germplasm conservation laboratories involves carrying out numerous and diverse activities, which were affected by the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). The objective of this publication was to review the evolution of the cassava in vitro germplasm bank at the FCA-UNNE and IBONE (CONICET-UNNE) and to tell about usual management practices and the procedures to preserve living plant material and the personnel's life involved in pre-pandemic and COVID-19 pandemic times. Teachers, researchers, undergraduate and graduate students carried out, for almost 40 years, the in vitro conservation of 56 cassava cultivars from different countries. Before March 2020, the bank management consisted mainly in scientific-technological activities for the conservation of the material and the search for parameters to establish an order of subcultures. Having decreed Social, Preventive and Compulsory Isolation in Argentina, conservation activities continued applying the usual practices by following political-institutional sanitary measures. To face the new sanitary scenarios, methodologies must be adjusted so that they are effective at maintaining viability of the plant material and at prolonging conservation time. © 2022 Instituto de Botanica del Nordeste. All rights reserved.
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Introduction: As of August 27th, 2021, the diagnosed cases of COVID 19 in Spain are 4 758 003 with a prevalence of 10.03%. 68.4% of the Spanish population is fully vaccinated Objectives: Primary: To compare the prevalence of COVID infection in a cohort of patients with schizophrenia to patients with a dual diagnosis of schizophrenia and substance use disorder Secondary: To compare the rate of fully vaccinated patients diagnosed with schizophrenia with and without a coexisting substance use disorder. Method(s): Retrospective descriptive study. The population in study is made up of patients with schizophrenia (46) and dual diagnosis schizophrenia (28) (following DSM 5 criteria) Confirmed cases were those cases with positive PCR Results: There was not a stadistically significant difference in the prevalence of COVID 19 infection between both groups of patients. The prevalence of COVID infection among the dual diagnosis schizophrenia was 3.57% compared to 6.5% in those without coexisting substance abuse disorder. Relative to vaccination rate, we didn't find a stadistically significant difference between both groups. However, there was a higher vaccination rate in the dual diagnosis schizophrenia group (82.12%) compared to the non-dual diagnosis schizophrenia group (69.56%) Conclusion(s): The prevalence of COVID 19 infection in the dual diagnosis schizophrenia cohort is 3.57% and in the group of patients with schizophrenia without substance abuse disorder is 6,5%. In those with dual diagnosis schizophrenia the vaccination rate was un 82.12%. It was 69.56% in those without coexisting substance abuse disorder.
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With a 676% growth rate in HIV incidence between 2010 and 2021, the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the Philippines is the one that is spreading the quickest in the western Pacific.Although the full effects of COVID-19 on HIV services and development are still unknown, it is predicted that such disruptions could lead to a significant increase in HIV casualties.Therefore, the nation needs some modeling and forecasting techniques to foresee the spread pattern and enhance the government’s prevention, treatment, testing, and care program.In this study, the researcher uses Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network to forecast time series during the period when the COVID-19 pandemic strikes the nation, using statistics taken from the HIV/AIDS and ART Registry of the Philippines.After training, validation, and testing of data, the study finds that the predicted cumulative cases in the nation by 2030 will reach 145,273.Additionally, there is very little difference between observed and anticipated HIV epidemic levels, as evidenced by reduced RMSE, MAE, and MAPE values as well as a greater coefficient of determination.Further research revealed that the Philippines seems far from achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3 of Project 2030 due to an increase in the nation’s rate of new HIV infections.Despite the detrimental effects of COVID-19 spread on HIV/AIDS efforts nationwide, the Philippine government,under the Marcos administration, must continue to adhere to the United Nations’ 90-90-90 targets by enhancing its ART program and ensuring that all vital health services are readily accessible and available. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.
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The normal management of plant germplasm conservation laboratories involves carrying out numerous and diverse activities, which were affected by the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19). The objective of this publication was to review the evolution of the cassava in vitro germplasm bank at the FCA-UNNE and IBONE (CONICET-UNNE) and to tell about usual management practices and the procedures to preserve living plant material and the personnel's life involved in pre-pandemic and COVID-19 pandemic times. Teachers, researchers, undergraduate and graduate students carried out, for almost 40 years, the in vitro conservation of 56 cassava cultivars from different countries. Before March 2020, the bank management consisted mainly in scientific-technological activities for the conservation of the material and the search for parameters to establish an order of subcultures. Having decreed Social, Preventive and Compulsory Isolation in Argentina, conservation activities continued applying the usual practices by following political-institutional sanitary measures. To face the new sanitary scenarios, methodologies must be adjusted so that they are effective at maintaining viability of the plant material and at prolonging conservation time.
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Undoubtedly, the health emergency and social distancing has directly affected the training processes of researchers, as well as the application of research strategies, mainly in the field of social sciences, where the relationship and interaction in research processes are an important aspect. In this context, the objective of this study was to determine possible investigative strategies that allow to contribute strengthening scientific research processes in times of pandemic and social distancing in the Social Sciences. The work is based on the interpretive naturalistic paradigm, with a qualitative research approach. Among the main findings, the diversity of definitions stands out regarding disruptive education, in relation to the training of researchers, it is evident that individual and group strategies are used that allow strengthening their investigative competences, in relation to investigative strategies they have generated and adapted new strategies because of the COVID-19 pandemic. From disruptive education, it is concluded that there are new challenges in the training of researchers and the management of new investigation strategies, in times of pandemic and social distancing.
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Introduction: The global spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has resulted in a worldwide pandemic with important socio-health repercussions. Current clinical experience and several published retrospective studies suggest that digestive symptoms are common in infected patients. [1][2] The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and complications in patients with COVID-19 disease managed on an outpatient basis. Aims & Methods: International, multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted in 18 centers from Latin America, Asia, Africa and Europe. Subjects ≥18 years old, with COVID-19 disease, managed on an outpatient basis were included. Followed up period was 6 months. Baseline characteristics, comorbidities, GI symptoms or complications, hospital admission, ICU admission and mortality data were collected. A descriptive analysis of the study results was performed. A multivariate analysis was carried out, evaluating the association of GI symptoms and complications with age, baseline characteristics, comorbidity and COVID-19 treatments received. The adjusted Odd Ratio (ORa) was calculated assuming a significance level of p <0.05. Results: The preliminary analysis included a total of 436 patients. The median age was 35 years, interquartile range (IQR) 27-48 years. Two hundred and ten patients (48.2%) were male. The median of age-adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index was 0 (IQR 0-1). The most frequent GI symptoms were anorexia 216 (49.5%), diarrhea 207 (47.5%), nausea 134 (30.7%), abdominal pain 122 (28%) and abdominal distension 121 (27.8%). At 4-week follow- up, symptoms resolved in most cases. Multivariate analysis showed that nausea was associated with Ivermectin treatment ORa 3.24 (95% CI 1.11-9.43) p= 0.030;abdominal pain was associated with Hydroxychloroquine treatment ORa 5.27 (95% CI 1.52-18.19) p= 0.009;diarrhea was associated with age ORa 0.966 (95% CI 0.93-0.99), p= 0.020 and Hydroxychloroquine treatment ORa 6.9 (95% CI 1.55-30.79), p= 0. 011;abdominal distension was associated with body mass index ORa 1.147 (95% CI 1.05-1.24), p< 0.001 and Hydroxychloroquine treatment ORa 7.6 (95% CI 2.00-29.51), p= 0.003. Digestive complications were infrequent (1 gastritis, 2 duodenitis, 1 jejunal ulcer, 3 hypertransaminasemia, 1 enteritis, 1 colitis). Twenty-three patients (5.3%) required hospital admission, of whom 4 (0.9%) required ICU admission and 2 (0.5%) died. Conclusion: Anorexia, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain and abdominal bloating were common symptoms in patients with COVID-19 disease managed on an outpatient basis. GI complications were infrequent in patients with COVID-19 who do not require hospitalization. Treatment with Hydroxychloroquine and Ivermectin was associated with more GI symptoms in COVID-19 outpatients.